A
a. Define
(1) An embedded system
(i) Soft Real time system
(06 Marks)
(ii) Watch Dog Timer
b Explain a microprocessor based embedded system with the help of a neat diagram
(06 Marks)
c. Sketch the embedded-system lifecycle and explain the various stages involved in it
(08 Marka)
Click here to join us on Social Media for getting instant update on every notice2 a Explain indexed mode and register indirect addressing modes with diagrams. Also write the timing diagram for serial write operation with a 8-bit register, With a neat block diagram, explain the architecture of the datapath and the memory interface b.
(08 Marks)
for a simple microprocessor at RTL
(06 Mark)
c. Compare:
(0) Big Endian and Little Endian formats
(1) RISC and CISC registers (i) Truncation and Rounding errors.
(06 Marks)
a Design a 4K 16 SRAM system and explain briefly b. Write the inside and outside diagrams for DRAM along with read operation.
Marks) (06 Mark
(06 Marks)
a. Briefly explain waterfall, V cycle and spiral life cycle models with neat flow diagrams
c Explain associative mapping cache implementation
(10 Marks) system and
b. Write a hardware architecture and data and control flow diagram of a counter
106 Marks) architectural models of an Embedded system. (4 Marks)
explain the flow diagram briefly. C Discuss functional model versus
PART - B
3
4
5 a Differentiate between
(1) Program and process (i) Processes and threads
(i) Supervisor and user privilege modes
06 Marks)
006 Marks)
b. Explain any 6 functions of an embedded operating system? c. Discuss Task control block with a neat diagram. Explain the major components involved in
TCB
d Draw the Task state diagram
(06 Marks)
(02
What is foreground and background systems? Write the differences between foreground and
background tasks. (05 Marks) b. Describe virtual model and high level model for operating system architecture. (05 Marks) C Write the algorithm for a simple OS kernel, using C language notation for 3 asynchronous tasks using TCBs only. The 3 tasks use a common data buffer for read, increment and display operations.
d. Mention four categories of multitasking OS?
(08 Marks) (02 Marks)
a Write the Amdahl's limitation for performance/optimization. Consider system with the following characteristics. The task to be analysed and improved currently executes in 100 time units, and the goal is to reduce execution time to 80 time units. The algorithm to be improved uses 40 time units Determine the unknown parameter and write the inference.
(06 Marks)
b. Write C function to determine the sum of the elements in an array and analyse it for its time complexity. (06 Marks) c. Explain the Big-O notation used for comparing the algorithms along with table and graphs. Mention the rules used for Big-O arithmetic. (08 Marks)
8 a. Write short notes on the following: (1) Tricks of the trade
(ii) Performance Optimization b Write and analyse a linear search algorithm for its time complexity. pedia bis
C. Describe memory loading with equation and an example
(10 Marks) (05 Marks)
What is an embedded system? Explain with an example in detail. With a block diagram explain the various components in a microprocessor
system
(05 Marks)
based embedded
(07 Marks)
Briefly describe the major elements of the embedded system development life cycle with a flow chart.
(08 Marks)
Explain with block diagram four major blocks of an embedded Hardware core and typical (05 Marks)
bus structure comprising Address Data and Control Signals
b. Explain following addressing modes with an example for i
i) Immediate mode
i) Direct and indirect modes
(08 Marks) e. Write the block diagram of RTN model for a microprocessor data path and memory
interface. Also explain fetch, execute and next control operations with RTI, instructions.
iii) Indexed mode iv) Program counter relative mode
(07 Marks)
a. Explain the internal diagram of SRAM and write the timing diagram for read operation,
(07 Marks)
106 Marks)
b. Explain associative mapping cache implementation. c. With respect to dynamic memory allocation, explain
C
1) Swapping ii) Overlays
(07 Marks)
in) Multiprogramming.
a
2
a
3
With a flow diagram briefly explain the V cycle model and the spiral life cycle model
106 Marks b. Write hardware architecture and data and counter flow diagram of a counter system and
briefly explain flow diagram
(08 Markst
e. Explam the characterizing and identifying the requirements of a system with respect to a digital counter
a Explain the following
(06 Marks).
1) The CPU is a resource 1) Lightweight and heavy weight threads
1) A Single thread
(08 Marks) (06 Marks)
iv) Multiple threads
b. Describe virtual machine model and high level model for OS architecture Discuss task control block. Mention some of the major components of task
C
C declarations for task control block
control also write (06
6
a. Explain the following 1) Basic diagram of possible task states
ii) Reentrant code
(06 Marks)
m) Foreground Background systems
Write the algorithm for a simple OS Kernel using C language. notation for 3 asynchronous tasks sharing a common data buffer. (08 Marks)
Explain the following:
1) Duplicate hardware context
iit Runtime stack Hi Application stack
(06 Marks)
Write the Amdahl's law for performance improvement/optimization Consider a system with
the following characteristics. The task to be analyzed and improved currently executes in 100 time units and the goal is to reduce execution time to 80 time units. The algorithm under consideration in the task uses 40 time units. Determine unknown parameter value in the equation and write the inference Write a e' function to determine sum of elements in an array and analyze it line by line for
(07 Marks)
(07 Marks)
its time proximity.
Analyze the following For loops
While loops
Write and analyze linear search algorithm for its time complexity. b. Write and analyze selection sont algorithm for its time complexity Describe memory loading with equation, figure and an example