BRIDGE ENGINEERING

Set I

1 a) What are the considerations in determining the effect of wind loads? (7)

b) Explain the longitudinal forces acting on bridges. (8)

2 a) What are the factors to be considered while selecting suitable site for a bridge. (8)

b) Write the IRC specifications for Road bridges. (7)

3 a) Explain the classification of bridges. (8)

b) Write a note on the importance of impact factor in the design of bridges? (7)

4 a) Explain the design principles of box culvert. (10)

b) Explain the ‘Effective width method’ in the design of slab bridges. (5)

5 Design a solid slab bridge required for a highway road having the following data. Width of carriage way = 7.5 m Clear Span = 5m Loading = IRC Class A Width of Kerb = 600 mm Materials = M 30 concrete and Fe 415 grade steel. (15)

6 Design the intermediate longitudinal girder of a T beam and slab bridge for the following data: Effective span = 10 m Carriage way width = 7.5m Kerb = 600mm width on either side Provide three longitudinal beams.. Loading = IRC Class A vehicle Adopt M30 concrete and Fe 415 grade steel. Shear check is not required. (15)

7 a) Discuss the design principles of a prestressed concrete bridge with neat sketches. (10)

b) What are the types of foundations in bridges? Explain any one in detail with neat sketches

8 a) Design an elastomeric pad bearing for a two lane reinforced concrete T-beam bridge for 15 m effective span having the following data: Vertical sustained load- 300 kN Vertical dynamic load- 60 kN Horizontal sustained load- 80 kN Coefficient of friction = 0.65 Modulus of rigidity-1 N/mm2 M 20 grade concrete

b) Write brief note on elastomeric bearings. (5)

Set II

1 a) Define the term “bridge”. Explain the components of a bridge structure with neat diagram. (7)

b) Explain the classification of bridges. (8)

2 a) Write note on the factors to be considered while selecting suitable site for a bridge. (7)

b) Explain the importance of Hydraulic design in Bridge Engineering (8)

3 a) Explain the longitudinal forces acting on bridges. (5)

b) Write a note on the importance of impact factor in the design of bridges? (5)

c) Write the IRC specifications for Road bridges. (5)

4 A reinforced concrete simply supported slab forms the deck of a road bridge, having the following data: (i) Clear span = 6 m. (ii) Carriage way -2 Lane. (iii) Width of kerb= 500 mm on either side (iv)Width of bearing= 400 mm (v) Materials = M25 grade concrete and Fe 415 steel. (vi) Type of loading IRC class AA tracked vehicle. Design the deck slab. Show the reinforcement details.

5 Design the interior deck slab panel of a T-beam and slab bridge for the following data. Effective span-18m, Carriage way width-7.5m, Kerb- 600 mm on either side.Provide three longitudinal beams and five cross beams. Loading IRC class AA tracked vehicle. Adopt M20 concrete and Fe415 bars. Sketch the reinforcement details

6 a) Explain the different type of forces and their combinations in the design of box culverts. (7)

b) What are the load distribution theories used in girders of Tee beam and slab bridge. Explain Courbon’s theory.

7 a) List the merits and demerits of the Prestressed concrete bridges over RCC bridges. (5)

b) Write brief note on elastomeric bearings. (5)

c) Discuss about the stability analysis of abutments. (10)

8 a) With neat sketch, explain well foundation and its components. (7)

b) What is a bearing? What are the main functions of bearings? (7)

c) What are the forces to be considered during the design of piers and abutments? (6)

9 Determine the minimum section modulus , prestressing force and eccentricity of a prestressed concrete slab bridge having the following data: Clear span-10 m, Width of bearing-400 mm, Carriageway width-2 lane, Footpath on either side-1 m. Live load-IRC Class AA tracked vehicle. Materials- M40 concrete, Ultimate tensile strength of steel-1500 N/mm2 . Compressive stress of concrete at transfer, fci=35 N/mm2 fct=15 N/mm2 ,fcw=12 N/mm2 ,ftt=ftw=0. Loss ratio=0.8